All poems are accompanied by a short preface ( xiaoxu 小序), the first poem or song also a Long Preface ( Daxu 大序). The songs collected in the Shijing are not only of a high literary value as the oldest songs in China, but they also reveal much of the activities of different social strata in early China. The Odes are said to come from the aristocratic class, the Major Odes being sung at the royal court, the Minor Odes at the courts of the regional rulers. The Airs of the states are folk songs, often concered with a love theme. The Hymns are religious chants sung in the ancestral temples of the house of Zhou, as well as Lu 魯, the regional state of the Duke of Zhou 周公 and the home state of Confucius, as well as the house of Shang, whose descendants lived in the state of Song 宋. The Odes are divided into Major ( daya 大雅) and Minor Odes ( xiaoya 小雅) and arranged in decades ( shi 什). The 160 Airs are arranged according to the state they originated from (hence called guofeng 國風 "airs from the states"). The three types of songs are feng 風 "airs", ya 雅 "odes", and song 頌 "hymns". Of six chapters only the names are preserved ( Nangai 南陔, Baihua 白華, Huashu 華黍, Yougeng 由庚, Chongqiu 崇丘, and Youyi 由儀). BCE) and the early and middle phase of the Zhou period 周 (11th cent.-221 BCE), in 305 chapters. It is a collection of three different types of songs originating in the Shang 商 (17th-11th cent. Shijing 詩經 "Book of Songs" (or "Book of Poetry" or "Book of Odes"), also known as Maoshi 毛詩 "Mao's (version of the) Book of Songs" is one of the Confucian Classics.
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